{"id":2748,"date":"2017-12-15T16:00:36","date_gmt":"2017-12-15T07:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.jp\/academy\/?p=2748"},"modified":"2021-12-16T23:52:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T14:52:34","slug":"active-passive-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8ad6\u6587\u82f1\u8a9e\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u7acb\u3066\uff0d\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u614b I"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u76ee\u6b21<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E3%81%A8%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8BI_%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E%E3%81%AE%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%EF%BC%93%E3%81%A4%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9\" >\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u614bI:\u00a0\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u3088\u308b\uff13\u3064\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#I_%E6%A6%82%E7%95%A5\" >I. \u6982\u7565<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#II_%E4%BE%8B%E6%96%87\" >II. \u4f8b\u6587<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#IIa_%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%8C%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%A8%E5%90%8C%E3%81%98%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81%E3%82%92%E8%A1%A8%E3%81%99%E5%A0%B4%E5%90%88\" >IIa. \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u304c\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#IIb_%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%8C%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%A8%E9%80%86%E3%81%AE%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81%E3%82%92%E8%A1%A8%E3%81%99%E5%A0%B4%E5%90%88\" >IIb. \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u304c\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u9006\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/jp\/active-passive-1\/#IIc_%E4%BE%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%AE%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A8%E3%82%81\" >IIc. \u4f8b\u6587\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E3%81%A8%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8BI_%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E%E3%81%AE%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%EF%BC%93%E3%81%A4%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9\"><\/span><strong>\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u614b<\/strong><strong>I:\u00a0<\/strong>\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u3088\u308b\uff13\u3064\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I_%E6%A6%82%E7%95%A5\"><\/span>I. \u6982\u7565<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306e\u9593\u9055\u3063\u305f\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8aa4\u308a\u3092\u5ea6\u3005\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u306e\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3068\u9055\u3063\u3066\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u306f\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3082\u6570\u7a2e\u985e\u3042\u308a<sup>[1]<\/sup> \u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff13\u3064\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30011)\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3057\u304b\u3068\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5358\u4e00\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u30012)\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u30013)\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u306e\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u5404\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-zycvhzzc3xvnxyaudhvf-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.opmnstr.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"zycvhzzc3xvnxyaudhvf\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"II_%E4%BE%8B%E6%96%87\"><\/span>II. \u4f8b\u6587<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IIa_%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%8C%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%A8%E5%90%8C%E3%81%98%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81%E3%82%92%E8%A1%A8%E3%81%99%E5%A0%B4%E5%90%88\"><\/span>IIa. \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u304c\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<br \/>\n1)\u5358\u4e00\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1a) The dog chased the cat.<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1b) The cat was chased by the dog.<br \/>\n2)\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2a) I gave my friend a present. (I gave a present to my friend.)<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2b) My friend was given a present by me.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2c) A present was given to my friend by me.<br \/>\n3)\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3a) The boy put a blanket on the dog.<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3b) The dog had a blanket put on him by the boy. <sup>[2]<\/sup><br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3c) A blanket was put on the dog by the boy.<br \/>\n\u4e0a\u8ff0\u306e\u5404\u7d44\u3067\u306fb\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306fb\u3068c\uff09\u306fa\u3068\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IIb_%E5%8F%97%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%8C%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%A8%E9%80%86%E3%81%AE%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81%E3%82%92%E8%A1%A8%E3%81%99%E5%A0%B4%E5%90%88\"><\/span>IIb. \u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u304c\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u9006\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5834\u5408<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u9006\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u8868\u3059\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<br \/>\n1)\u5358\u4e00\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1a) The dog chased the cat.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1b\u2019) The dog was chased by the cat.<br \/>\n2)\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2a) I gave my friend a present. (I gave a present to my friend.)<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2b\u2019) I was given a present by my friend.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2c\u2019) A present was given to me by my friend.<br \/>\n3)\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3a) The boy put a blanket on the dog.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3b\u2019) A blanket was put on the boy by the dog.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3c\u2019) The boy had a blanket put on him by the dog.<br \/>\n\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f8b\u6587\u3067\u306fIIa\u3068\u9055\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5404\u7d44\u3067\u306fb\u2019\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306fb\u2019\u3068c\u2019\uff09\u306fa\u3068\u9006\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IIc_%E4%BE%8B%E6%96%87%E3%81%AE%E3%81%BE%E3%81%A8%E3%82%81\"><\/span>IIc. \u4f8b\u6587\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u306f\u3001\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u7528\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6587\u304c\u793a\u3059\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u610f\u5473\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3088\u308a\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e\u8003\u5bdf\u3067\u306f\u307e\u305a\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u8868\u3059\u52d5\u4f5c\u30fb\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5ba2\u4f53\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u5ba2\u4f53\u3092\u540c\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u304c\u8868\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u5f93\u3048\u3070\u3088\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305a\u3001\u4e3b\u4f53\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u300cby\u300d\u306e\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u304b\u3089\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u5ba2\u4f53\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u306f\u4e3b\u8a9e\u304b\u76f4\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u524d\u8005\u3068\u5f8c\u8005\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u5ba2\u4f53\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308c\u3070\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8a9e\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3068\u4e3b\u8a9e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n<strong>IId. \u7701\u7565\u6587<\/strong><br \/>\n\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e3b\u8a9e\u3068\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u7701\u7565\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u306f\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u7701\u7565\u3067\u304d\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u3088\u304f\u7701\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u524d\u8ff0\u306e\u4f8b\u6587\u306e\u7701\u7565\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<br 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\/>\n1)\u5358\u4e00\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1a) &#8212;<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (1b) The cat was chased.<br \/>\n2)\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2a) I gave a present.<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2b) My friend was given a present.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (2c) A present was given to my friend.<br \/>\n3)\u610f\u5473\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u3092\u3068\u308b\u4e8c\u91cd\u4ed6\u52d5\u8a5e<br \/>\n\u80fd\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3a) &#8212;<br \/>\n\u53d7\u52d5\u614b\uff1a<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3b) The dog had a blanket put on him.<br \/>\n[\u6b63] (3c) A blanket was put on the dog.<br 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